![]() ![]() At this stage, the teacher models mathematical concepts at a symbolic level using numbers, notations and math symbols. Not only can this be used as a visual aid, but a teacher can use the same model to extend learning and ask questions such as: What is the ratio of the amount of money Kathy’s has to the amount of money Lucy has? or How much more money does Kathy have than Lucy? Model drawing is versatile can be used for 1st-grade addition problems or 5th-grade pre-algebra. Model drawing is an excellent approach to solving word problems. This may involve model drawing, drawing circles, dots, or number bonds. At this stage, the concrete model is transformed into a pictorial level. Singapore Mathematics emphasizes the “why” before the “how”. This approach helps students transition better to more complex mathematical problems and algebra. Singapore Mathematics also emphasizes mental math and model drawing. The Singapore Mathematics method in elementary grades uses the concrete to pictorial to abstract learning approach to encourage active thinking, understanding, and communication of mathematical concepts and problem-solving. Concrete materials (manipulatives) such as cubes, blocks, place value mats, geometric figures, and practical work are used as part of the learning experience. Students would be given a variety of learning experiences to enable them to develop a good understanding of mathematical concepts and their connections and applications. Mathematical concepts cover numerical, algebraic, geometrical, statistical, probabilistic, and analytical concepts. The CPA (Concrete to Pictorial to Abstract) Approach – Concrete Learning The development of mathematical problem-solving ability is dependent on five inter-related components, namely, Concepts, Skills, Processes, Attitudes, and Metacognition. It involves the acquisition and application of mathematics concepts and skills in a wide range of situations, including non-routine, open-ended, and real-world problems. The Singapore Mathematics framework was developed on the basis that mathematical problem solving is central to learning math. Since then, including 2019, Singapore’s students have been consistently ranked among the top. In 1995, Singapore’s students were ranked first in the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS). In the early 1980s, Singapore started developing its own primary and secondary textbooks, The Curriculum Development Institute of Singapore published its first math program in 1982. Before the 1980s, Singapore imported its math textbooks from other countries and its students were ranked in the lower half of countries in mathematics. What is Singapore Math? The History of Singapore Math and International Rankings. It uses the concrete to pictorial to abstract approach and encourages students to actively think, understand, and communicate to solve math problems. ![]() Singapore Math is a term used to describe the mathematics curriculum developed and used in Singapore.Singapore Math is a method of learning that uses three distinct approaches to understanding mathematical concepts and problem-solving.
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